March 2013 | Volume 121 | Issue 3

News

On the Cover | Focus

EHP Cover image

A Tale of Two Forests: Addressing Postnuclear Radiation at Chernobyl and Fukushima

Winifred A. Bird and Jane Braxton Little | A78-A85

After the 1986 Chernobyl disaster, Soviet officials took immediate steps to limit the health impacts of the contamination by removing the region’s residents and managing the land as a protective buffer absent of human communities. In contrast, Japan’s current recovery plan following the Fukushima Daiichi explosions revolves around removing contamination from the landscape to allow residents to move back home. But this management strategy is meeting with opposition from Fukushima residents. Lessons learned from Chernobyl may yet prescribe a different path forward for Japan.

Forum

New Primary Standard Set for Fine Particulate Matter

Bob Weinhold | A74

Cigarette Smoke May Increase Microbial Virulence

David C. Holzman | A75

Thermal Reaction: The Spread of Bisphenol S via Paper Products

Lindsey Konkel | A76

The Beat

Erin E. Dooley | A77

Focus

Nonlegacy PCBs: Pigment Manufacturing By-Products Get a Second Look

Elizabeth Grossman | A86-A93

Commercial PCBs were banned in 1979 because of concerns about their environmental persistence and adverse human health effects. Until recently, PCBs that were being detected in the environment were thought to come entirely from “legacy” sources. But other, lesser-known PCBs continue to be generated and released into the environment, not from intentionally created commercial products, but as unintentional by-products of manufacturing processes—most notably, according to recent studies, processes including those used to make certain pigments used in dyes, inks, and paints.

Science Selections

Global Push: Multicontinent Project Assesses Particulate Matter and Birth Weight

Tanya Tillett | A94

A Systems-Level Approach to Studying Birth Defects: Novel Method Identifies Potential Key Pathway

Kellyn S. Betts | A95

An Obesogen over Time: Transgenerational Impact of Tributyltin

Wendee Nicole | A96

Assessing the Safety of a Replacement Chemical: Nongenomic Activity of Bisphenol S

Julia R. Barrett | A97

Commentary

Potential External Contamination with Bisphenol A and Other Ubiquitous Organic Environmental Chemicals during Biomonitoring Analysis: An Elusive Laboratory Challenge

Xiaoyun Ye, Xiaoliu Zhou, Ryan Hennings, Joshua Kramer, and Antonia M. Calafat | 283-286

Reviews

Evaluation of Biomonitoring Data from the CDC National Exposure Report in a Risk Assessment Context: Perspectives across Chemicals

Lesa L. Aylward, Christopher R. Kirman, Rita Schoeny, Christopher J. Portier, and Sean M. Hays | 287-294

The Broad Scope of Health Effects from Chronic Arsenic Exposure: Update on a Worldwide Public Health Problem

Marisa F. Naujokas,¹ Beth Anderson,² Habibul Ahsan,^3,4,5 H. Vasken Aposhian, Joseph H. Graziano, Claudia Thompson, and William A. Suk | 295-302

Human Health Effects of Trichloroethylene: Key Findings and Scientific Issues

Weihsueh A. Chiu, Jennifer Jinot, Cheryl Siegel Scott, Susan L. Makris, Glinda S. Cooper, Rebecca C. Dzubow, Ambuja S. Bale, Marina V. Evans, Kathryn Z. Guyton, Nagalakshmi Keshava, John C. Lipscomb, Stanley Barone Jr., John F. Fox, Maureen R. Gwinn, John Schaum, and Jane C. Caldwell | 303-311

Research

Monitoring Intracellular Redox Changes in Ozone-Exposed Airway Epithelial Cells

Eugene A. Gibbs-Flournoy, Steven O. Simmons, Philip A. Bromberg, Tobias P. Dick, and James M. Samet | 312-317

Perfluorooctanoic Acid Exposure and Cancer Outcomes in a Contaminated Community: A Geographic Analysis

Verónica M. Vieira, Kate Hoffman, Hyeong-Moo Shin, Janice M. Weinberg, Thomas F. Webster, and Tony Fletcher | 318-323

Long-Term Exposure to Urban Air Pollution and Mortality in a Cohort of More than a Million Adults in Rome

Giulia Cesaroni, Chiara Badaloni, Claudio Gariazzo, Massimo Stafoggia, Roberto Sozzi, Marina Davoli, and Francesco Forastiere | 324-331

Systems Biology and Birth Defects Prevention: Blockade of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Prevents Arsenic-Induced Birth Defects

Bhavesh K. Ahir, Alison P. Sanders, Julia E. Rager, and Rebecca C. Fry | 332-338

Formaldehyde and Epigenetic Alterations: MicroRNA Changes in the Nasal Epithelium of Nonhuman Primates

Julia E. Rager, Benjamin C. Moeller, Melanie Doyle-Eisele, Dean Kracko, James A. Swenberg, and Rebecca C. Fry | 339-344

Heritability and Preliminary Genome-Wide Linkage Analysis of Arsenic Metabolites in Urine

Maria Tellez-Plaza, Matthew O. Gribble, V. Saroja Voruganti, Kevin A. Francesconi, Walter Goessler, Jason G. Umans, Ellen K. Silbergeld, Eliseo Guallar, Nora Franceschini, Kari E. North, Wen H. Kao, Jean W. MacCluer, Shelley A. Cole, and Ana Navas-Acien | 345-351

Bisphenol S Disrupts Estradiol-Induced Nongenomic Signaling in a Rat Pituitary Cell Line: Effects on Cell Functions

René Viñas and Cheryl S. Watson | 352-358

Transgenerational Inheritance of Increased Fat Depot Size, Stem Cell Reprogramming, and Hepatic Steatosis Elicited by Prenatal Exposure to the Obesogen Tributyltin in Mice

Raquel Chamorro-García, Margaret Sahu, Rachelle J. Abbey, Jhyme Laude, Nhieu Pham, and Bruce Blumberg | 359-366

Children’s Health

Maternal Exposure to Particulate Air Pollution and Term Birth Weight: A Multi-Country Evaluation of Effect and Heterogeneity

Payam Dadvand, Jennifer Parker, Michelle L. Bell, Matteo Bonzini, Michael Brauer, Lyndsey A. Darrow, Ulrike Gehring, Svetlana V. Glinianaia, Nelson Gouveia, Eun-hee Ha, Jong Han Leem, Edith H. van den Hooven, Bin Jalaludin, Bill M. Jesdale, Johanna Lepeule, Rachel Morello‑Frosch, Geoffrey G. Morgan, Angela Cecilia Pesatori, Frank H. Pierik, Tanja Pless‑Mulloli, David Q. Rich, Sheela Sathyanarayana, Juhee Seo, Rémy Slama, Matthew Strickland, Lillian Tamburic, Daniel Wartenberg, Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, and Tracey J. Woodruff | 367-373

Dietary Acrylamide Intake during Pregnancy and Fetal Growth—Results from the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)

Talita Duarte-Salles, Hans von Stedingk, Berit Granum, Kristine B. Gützkow, Per Rydberg, Margareta Törnqvist, Michelle A. Mendez, Gunnar Brunborg, Anne Lise Brantsæter, Helle Margrete Meltzer, Jan Alexander, and Margaretha Haugen | 374-379

Ambient Air Pollution and Autism in Los Angeles County, California

Tracy Ann Becerra, Michelle Wilhelm, Jørn Olsen, Myles Cockburn, and Beate Ritz | 380-386

Early-Life Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution and Respiratory Health, Ear Infections, and Eczema in Infants from the INMA Study

Inmaculada Aguilera, Marie Pedersen, Raquel Garcia-Esteban, Ferran Ballester, Mikel Basterrechea, Ana Esplugues, Ana Fernández-Somoano, Aitana Lertxundi, Adonina Tardón, and Jordi Sunyer | 387-392

Fetal Growth and Prenatal Exposure to Bisphenol A: The Generation R Study

Claudia A. Snijder, Dick Heederik, Frank H. Pierik, Albert Hofman, Vincent W. Jaddoe, Holger M. Koch, Matthew P. Longnecker, and Alex Burdorf | 393-396