The role of particulate size and chemistry in the association between summertime ambient air pollution and hospitalization for cardiorespiratory diseases.
Publication: Environmental Health Perspectives
Volume 105, Issue 6
Pages 614 - 620
Abstract
In order to address the role that the ambient air pollution mix, comprised of gaseous pollutants and various physical and chemical measures of particulate matter, plays in exacerbating cardiorespiratory disease, daily measures of fine and coarse particulate mass, aerosol chemistry (sulfates and acidity), and gaseous pollution (ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide) were collected in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, in the summers of 1992, 1993, and 1994. These time series were then compared with concurrent data on the number of daily admissions to hospitals for either cardiac diseases (ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and dysthymias) or respiratory diseases (tracheobronchitis, chronic obstructive long disease, asthma, and pneumonia). After adjusting the admission time series for long-term temporal trends, seasonal variations, the effects of short-term epidemics, day of the week effects, and ambient temperature and dew point temperature, positive associations were observed for all ambient air pollutants for both respiratory and cardiac diseases. Ozone was least sensitive to adjustment for the gaseous and particulate pollution measures. However, the association between the health outcomes and carbon monoxide, fine and coarse mass, sulfate levels and aerosol acidity could be explained by adjustment for exposure to gaseous pollutants. Increases in ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide equivalent to their interquartile ranges corresponded to an 11% and 13% increase in daily hospitalizations for respiratory and cardiac diseases, respectively. The inclusion of any one of the particulate air pollutants in multiple regression models did not increase these percentages. Particle mass and chemistry could not be identified as an independent risk factor for the exacerbation of cardiorespiratory diseases in this study beyond that attributable to climate and gaseous air pollution. We recommend that effects of particulate matter on health be assessed in conjunction with temporally covarying gaseous air pollutants.
Formats available
You can view the full content in the following formats:
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
License Information
EHP is an open-access journal published with support from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health. All content is public domain unless otherwise noted.
History
Published online: 1 June 1997
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click DOWNLOAD.
Cited by
- Nguyen D, Vu M, Le V, Pham V, Impacts of Charge Air Parameters on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Marine Engine, Thermo, 10.3390/thermo3030030, 3, 3, (494-514), (2023).
- Sharma P, Dabi M, Sahoo B, Exploring the potential of ternary fuel blends for enhanced engine efficiency and reduced emissions: application of multi-objective optimization, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 10.1080/15567036.2023.2231394, 45, 3, (8751-8770), (2023).
- Qin Y, Sun C, Li D, Zhang H, Wang H, Duan Y, Does urban air pollution have an impact on public health? Empirical evidence from 288 prefecture-level cities in China, Urban Climate, 10.1016/j.uclim.2023.101660, 51, (101660), (2023).
- Pham V, Kim J, Lee W, Choi J, Effects of hydrogen mixture ratio and scavenging air temperature on combustion and emission characteristics of a 2-stroke marine engine, Energy Reports, 10.1016/j.egyr.2022.11.207, 9, (195-216), (2023).
- Pham V, Kim J, Lee W, Choe S, Le V, Choi J, Effects of Piston Bowl Geometry on Combustion and Emissions of a Four-Stroke Heavy-Duty Diesel Marine Engine, Applied Sciences, 10.3390/app122413012, 12, 24, (13012), (2022).
- Pham V, Le V, Yeo S, Choi J, Lee W, Effects of the Injector Spray Angle on Combustion and Emissions of a 4-Stroke Natural Gas-Diesel DF Marine Engine, Applied Sciences, 10.3390/app122311886, 12, 23, (11886), (2022).
- Dudorova N, Belan B, The Relationship between Particulate Air Pollution and Mortality: The Case of Tomsk, Russia, Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics, 10.1134/S1024856022060094, 35, 6, (694-703), (2022).
- Liu T, Tang H, Lei S, Peng Y, Asian dust storms result in a higher risk of the silicosis hospital admissions, Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 10.1007/s40201-021-00777-9, 20, 1, (305-314), (2022).
- Pham V, Rho B, Kim J, Lee W, Choi J, Effects of Various Fuels on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Four-Stroke Dual-Fuel Marine Engine, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 10.3390/jmse9101072, 9, 10, (1072), (2021).
- Seol J, Pham V, Lee W, Effects of the Multiple Injection Strategy on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Two-Stroke Marine Engine, Energies, 10.3390/en14206821, 14, 20, (6821), (2021).
- See more